I don't know your tractor, so I"m only going by the diagram that's been posted above. Anyone who is familiar with this vehicle please correct me if I've got something wrong.
Looking at the wiring diagram #3, it appears that the electromagnetic fuel pump (#17) is being powered by the engine relay, #15. I'd take a look at that relay to see if it has power to the relay AND that the ECU is providing ground to trigger that relay. It should have battery power (hot at all times) through the 45 amp fuse (#3) and through a 20 amp fuse. That 20 amp fuse might be an inline fuse, which would be easy to miss.
If the engine relay has power to two terminals, then check for the ECU to ground one of the other terminals when you are trying to start. If it doesn't, then the ECU is not happy for some reason. That might be a fault with the ECU, or it might be that it's looking for an input that isn't there, such as a safety switch or other sensor.
That relay also powers the supply pump (#16) and provides signal to the glow plug relay (ECU will provide ground as needed).
Also check for the ECU to provide signal (possibly ground) to the injectors. The injectors should have either a two-wire setup or a single wire.
On the two wire setup, one is hot all the time (when the key is on) and the ECU provides ground when it wants to fire the injector. I think this is your setup.
On the single wire setup, it will have one switched hot wire and the body is grounded. In this case, the ECU provides 12v when it wants to fire the injector.