The power steering uses hydraulic flow from the main system and does not have its own pump.
There is no mechanical connection between the steering wheel and the front wheels.
The steering wheel moves a valve inside a controller at the base of the steering column. The controller routes flow to a cylinder between the two front wheels.
In the event of an engine failure while moving (run out of fuel for example) a part of the steering controller is a manual pump so steering is maintained but with greater effort
Lift the front wheels off the ground with the loader. Turn off the engine and see if you can turn the front wheels using the steering wheel.
If this test works, then the controller is not likely the problem.
The next likely culprit is the steering cylinder between the two front wheels.
There is a piston in the middle of the cylinder. Leakage by this piston reduces the effectiveness of the power steering.
Changing these two seals is the cheapest fix that has a high degree of success.
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Dave