See this diagram for a typical wiring method.
View attachment 172608
As you can see the relay is activated (85) from the existing wire that is currently connected to the spade terminal on the solenoid. The wire going to the solenoid spade terminal is now replaced by the wire from terminal 30.
The present wiring through the key switch has the current and voltage going through a few switches. Each switch will drop some voltage and limit some current. Eventually the voltage and current is too low to reliably activate the starter solenoid to spin the starter motor.
When you install the relay as shown above it acts as a switch between the battery (87) and the starter solenoid spade wire (30). There is very little chance of much voltage or current drop in that circuit if you use larger gauge wires. So when you activate the key switch that provides power to terminal 85 and that closes the switch between 87 and 30. This relay requires very little input power to activate so it will reliably provide the required power to the starter solenoid.
Hope that explains it well enough.