Do you mean 'let it sit' in the tractor fuel tank or in a bulk tank from which you then fill the tractor as needed?
Realistically, the answer is 'months', maybe longer---look at construction equipment left sit for months the lit and moved to the next job site.
Practically, avoid problems by keeping machine tank full and adding admixture to the fuel.
Organic growth fouling MAY (unlikely) be a problem. If so track down a diesel biocide. May be hard to find but is available. Look for black slime and sulfur odor.
Change filters as you think necessary based on your local fuel condition(s). If you pour from cans and transport and use low-sales-volume diesel sellers expect more problems than if pumping from personally-owned larger bulk tank (inferring more frequent fill-ups).
Find a good diesel cetane enhancer / dewaxer and use it religiously, especially in low-uses machine. I like Stanadyne as recommended by Bosch. Other brands abound.
My opinion is that good diesel admixtures used like clockwork in relatively low-use machines (not 10-hrs a day every day) pays strong dividends.
In summer, due to low-sulfur diesel being produced, even though newer engines are made to use it, I use Stanadyne.
In winter (we see below zero for days on end), I use Stanadyne and Sea Foam together at recommended or higher doses.
Fuel consumption can be erratic due to weather and other (time available) considerations. I buy 150-gals off-road red diesel at the time into my trailer-mount bulk tank. Into each batch I dump one quart of Sta-Bil stabilizer.
I've never had an organic growth problem so don't use biocide.
Some I suspect think my program is overkill. But the few additional dollars spread over many gallons of fuel seems worth it. Personally, I'd rather add a few bucks to fuel rather than fiddle with a down machine and its associated expense and inconvenience.
And, in our winters (severe ice storms repeated frequently) and extreme rural area, the need for a tractor to go on demand can become a major point. Our machines have never failed us.
Please post back with your experiences so we may all learn.