That is why i buy batteries that are not the highest cca rating for group size.
Example 24c 1000. It may pack a whallop when new, but fails sooner than a 650 or 800 cca battery. No room for buildup on the plates.
Batteries that fail like yours are common.
Replace with reccomended cca's or only slightly higher.
Running a machine with a weak/shorted battery is hard on starter as well as charging system.
I will usually test by charging at 15 amps for 10 hours and letting it sit for a few hours. Then check voltage. Should be over 12 volts.
A really good battery will be near 13 volts.