I see a few questions about the pictures
The battery posts are reversed from standard. The positive should be the near terminal if standard. But the far cable appears to be the positive and connected to the battery positive AND the opposite end is connected to the starter. I don’t see any issues with that connection but verify that positive post on battery runs to the starter. If that is the positive battery terminal (far side in picture) I would get the battery cable to look like a positive cable (red) just to make it plain that is a positive cable - I just hate when both cables are black (or both red).
Why is that far terminal not all the way down on the battery post? Is it upside down or just not installed well? Please get it installed all the way down.
View attachment 138642
Now on to the dash - this is the decompression knob. Does the engine spin really quickly when you pull this out? Does the engine slow down appreciably when you push it in? Does it spring back on its own if you let it go after it is pulled out?
View attachment 138643
The glow plugs are the two things with ther bare aluminum wire connecting them together in the picture below. The left one has a wire from the switch on the lower right of the dash ( but you can’t really see that).
But the picture above and the glow plug wire show a lot of corrosion. I would recommend getting the corrosion off the glow plug connections. The corrosion makes me worried about the ground cable connection but you seem to be saying it is cranking at normal speed that it started at before?
View attachment 138644
This is the glow plug indicator. It seems to be glowing more than I expected. I can only see mine glow dimly if it is not bright outside (dusk to night time). How long had it been in the glow position? I think you may have a dead short to ground in one or both of the glow plugs.
View attachment 138645
The indicator is a simple resistor (wire) that gets hot and glows. It reduces the voltage supply to the glow plugs so they don’t get damaged by burning out. If there is a dead short a lot of power would want to go through the indicator to ground and make it get hotter than normal. Bad glow plugs make it difficult to start these tractors.
How did you start it when it started?
Why is it wet around the injectors? Was that from bleeding?